Italian immigrants who started businesses with the help of Guiseppe Amato, an ice cream seller.The 1911 census records that 1.5% of West Ham's population and 1.9% of East Ham's population were not British. Most were Europeans with a smaller number from Asia, Africa and elsewhere. In 1901 the compnay of Moore and Nettlefolds in North Woolwich alone emplyed 150 immigrant workers. Other settlers set up their own businesses. By the 1920s most of the shops on the Barking Road were owned by Europeans.

(Image: Newham Council Arts & Heritage)